Solar hybrid power generation has significant energy, environmental and economic benefits, and is one of the highest quality green energy sources.

Under the average sunshine conditions in China, installing a 1 kW distributed solar hybrid system can generate 1200 kWh of electricity per year, reduce the use of coal (standard coal) by about 400 kg, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 1 ton.

According to the research results of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), in terms of reducing carbon dioxide emissions, installing 1 square meter of Solar hybrid power generation system is equivalent to planting 100 square meters of afforestation.

At present, developing renewable energy such as solar hybrid power generation will be one of the effective means to fundamentally solve environmental problems such as haze and acid rain.

Solar hybrid power generation refers to the use of solar solar hybrid cells to directly convert solar radiation into electrical energy. Solar hybrid power generation is the mainstream of solar power generation today.

Distributed solar hybrid system refers to solar hybrid power generation facilities built near user sites, generally connected to power grids with voltage levels below 35kV. The generated electricity is mainly consumed locally and is characterized by balanced regulation in the distribution system. The operation mode of distributed solar hybrid systems includes self use, surplus electricity grid connection, and full grid connection. Spontaneous self use and surplus electricity grid connection refer to the priority use of electricity generated by distributed solar hybrid power generation systems by power users, and the excess electricity is connected to the grid; Full grid connection refers to the integration of all electricity generated by distributed solar hybrid power generation systems into the power grid.

Distributed power generation follows the principles of adapting to local conditions, clean and efficient, decentralized layout, and nearby utilization, fully utilizing local solar energy resources to replace and reduce fossil energy consumption.

Distributed solar hybrid systems integrated with buildings are currently an important application form of distributed solar hybrid systems, with rapid technological progress, mainly manifested in the installation methods integrated with buildings and the electrical design of building solar hybrid . According to the different installation methods combined with buildings, it can be divided into Building Integrated PV (BIPV) and Building Attached PV (BAPV). The definition is as follows:

BIPV: A solar hybrid system that uses specially designed specialized solar hybrid modules to replace existing building materials or components during installation and integrate with the building. Dismantling solar hybrid modules will render the building unusable. solar hybrid modules not only need to meet the functional requirements of solar hybrid power generation, but also must first meet the basic functional requirements of buildings, such as durability, thermal insulation, waterproof and moisture-proof, appropriate strength and stiffness. Common types include solar hybrid tiles, solar hybrid curtain walls, solar hybrid ceilings, solar hybrid windows, and solar hybrid sunshades or sun visors.

BAPV: A solar hybrid system that uses ordinary solar hybrid modules and is installed on the original building, without replacing building materials or components. It is directly installed on the roof or attached to the wall. Demolishing the solar hybrid modules on this building will not affect the basic functions of the original building.

Household distributed solar hybrid system refers to a distributed solar hybrid system constructed using buildings within the scope of a natural person's homestead, such as self owned residences and ancillary facilities.

Household distributed solar hybrid systems typically have characteristics such as small installation capacity, low voltage level grid connection, simplified filing and grid connection processes.

The household distributed solar hybrid power generation system consists of solar hybrid arrays (solar hybrid arrays are composed of solar hybrid modules in series and parallel), solar hybrid inverters, solar hybrid brackets, solar hybrid grid cages, controllers (optional), battery packs (optional), AC/DC cables, and other parts.

The core component of a solar hybrid power generation system is the solar hybrid module, which is composed of solar hybrid cells connected in series, parallel, and encapsulated. It directly converts solar energy into electrical energy.

The electricity generated by solar hybrid modules is direct current, which can be converted into alternating current using an inverter or transmitted entirely to the public grid. From another perspective, the electricity generated by solar hybrid power generation systems can be generated and used immediately, or stored in energy storage devices such as batteries and released for use as needed.

The installation angle of photovoltaic arrays is mainly determined by the longitude, latitude, and optimal radiation dose of the installation area.

Due to installation conditions, if the installation angle of the components cannot reach the optimal level, the angle can be adjusted appropriately. The power generation of non south facing roofs will be greatly affected.

Due to the main factor affecting solar hybrid power generation being the amount of sunlight, components should be installed in the direction with the most abundant sunlight.

Different installation angles also have an impact on the power generation efficiency of solar hybrid modules.

Solar hybrid inverters are generally selected as outdoor type, using natural cooling method, with high shell protection level (usually up to IP65), requiring minimal environmental modification for installation, and low cost; Meanwhile, as the inverter is installed outdoors, the noise generated by its operation will greatly reduce its impact on users, but good equipment protection is required.

Generally, inverters for the corresponding power range are configured according to the system requirements, and the selected inverter power should match the maximum power of the solar hybrid cell array. The rated output power of the solar hybrid inverter is generally selected to be close to the total input power (usually controlled within 1.3 for overloading), which can save costs.

On the other hand, the selection of inverter capacity can be optimized based on installation conditions. If the installation site is not clear in the early stage of design, and the installation site is not fully considered, low-power solar hybrid inverters should be selected as much as possible to achieve multi-channel independent power tracking. If necessary, micro inverters should be selected to achieve maximum power tracking of smaller units, so as to ensure the problem of series parallel mismatch caused by insufficient or irregular site in the later stage.

According to the specific situation of the installation site, different types and specifications of solar hybrid modules can be selected. The effective utilization area of the installation site determines the size of the modules. If you want to install a larger capacity per unit area, high-efficiency modules can be selected. Components with different border colors can also be selected based on the appearance of the existing building, and the length of the component connectors can be determined according to the on-site series parallel connection method.

The selection of components requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as installation area, installed capacity, and cost. Generally speaking, component products with good reputation, good quality, certification (including fire rating), and good quality assurance and after-sales service should be selected.

As the core component of solar hybrid systems, inverters directly affect the system's power generation. The following points should be noted:

(1) Due to the connection between the inverter and the power grid changing the impedance characteristics of the inverter, it is easy to cause resonance of the inverter itself, which often occurs when multiple inverters are connected in parallel;

(2) After the installation of the inverter, a dedicated person must conduct a re inspection, mark and record it;

(3) The connection between the inverter ventilation duct and the external duct should be made with a soft connection to prevent mechanical noise caused by mechanical vibration;

(4) When the noise and odor of the inverter increase, attention should be paid, and internal faults of the inverter should be checked to identify the cause and handle it accordingly;

(5) Pay attention to the detection of inverter leakage, grounding, phase sequence, etc. during installation and debugging;

(6) At least 2 people must be present at the same time during inverter debugging, and attention should be paid to the safety protection of operators.

To estimate the power generation of a solar hybrid power generation system, it is necessary to know the peak sunshine hours (the total solar radiation received on the solar hybrid module surface, converted to hours under an irradiance of 1000W/m2), system efficiency, and system installation capacity in the local area where the system is installed.

For example, a 10kW solar hybrid grid connected system is installed in Beijing with a peak sunshine hours of 4 hours. The efficiency of the solar hybrid grid connected system is about 80%. Therefore, the formula for calculating the daily power generation of the system is: component installation capacity x peak sunshine hours x system efficiency=10 x 4 x 0.8=32kWh, which is about 32 kWh of electricity.